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The same day, as counted by the world's major calendar systems — computed live from official calendar rules.

Every faith, one timeline

Upcoming holidays & observances

The next major dates across religions and cultures, with a live countdown.

Covering Islamic, Jewish, Christian (Western & Orthodox), Hindu, Sikh, Buddhist, Jain, Bahá'í, Zoroastrian/Persian, Chinese, and astronomical/Pagan observances. Islamic dates follow the Umm al-Qura calendar and may differ by a day with local moon sighting. Jewish and Bahá'í observances begin at sundown the evening before. Hindu and Buddhist dates can vary by region and country.

Computed from the sun

Prayer & sun times for your location

Islamic prayer times, sunrise and sunset — calculated astronomically for wherever you are, today.

Calculators

Quick time & date tools

Small calculators for the questions people actually ask. They run right here in your browser — nothing is sent anywhere.

Time zone converter

Pick a time in one city and see what it is in another.

Choose a time and two zones to convert.

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Count the exact number of days from one date to another.

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BC / AD year converter

Enter any historical year to see its era equivalents and how long ago it was.

World calendar date converter

Convert any Gregorian date into all nine world calendars — or a Hijri date back to Gregorian.

Pick a Hijri date to convert it to Gregorian.

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Live countdown

Count down to any moment — an exam, a launch, an Eid, a New Year.

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Unix timestamp converter

The number computers use for time — convert it both ways. Live epoch:

Enter a timestamp or pick a date.

Week number finder

The ISO week number for any date — the numbering European business runs on.

Roman numeral year converter

Years to Roman numerals and back — for invitations, tattoos, and cornerstones.

Why Ellatime exists

Checking the time in another city shouldn't feel like work. Most clock sites bury the answer under banners, pop-ups, and pages that take longer to load than the meeting you're trying to schedule. We built Ellatime to be the opposite: one clean page that tells you the time, the date, and the difference — and then gets out of your way.

Every clock on this site runs live in your browser and follows the official IANA time zone database, so daylight saving changes are handled for you automatically. Whether you're calling family overseas, planning a launch across offices, or just wondering what week it is, the answer is one glance away.

Reading room

From the Ellatime blog

Short, readable pieces about how the world keeps time.

Complete guide · Featured

Time Zones Explained: The Complete Guide

From 300 local noons to UTC+14 — why time zones exist, how they really work, where they bend, and how to never miss a call across them again.

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Every clock on Earth is answering the same question — what time is it? — yet the answers differ by up to twenty-six hours depending on where the question is asked. That spread is not natural. It is the product of one of humanity's great invisible agreements: the time zone system, a lattice of legal boundaries, historical accidents, and political statements that turns the smooth rotation of a planet into the stepped grid your phone displays. This guide walks through the whole story: why zones exist, how they actually work, where they bend into strange shapes, and how to navigate them without ever missing a call again.

Before zones: when every town owned its noon

For nearly all of human history, time was local and solar. Noon meant the moment the sun stood highest over your own town; the church bell or the courthouse clock was set to it, and nobody cared that the next city's noon fell eleven minutes later. It genuinely didn't matter — news, goods, and people moved slower than the difference. A traveler adjusted a pocket watch on arrival the way we adjust to a new climate: gradually and without ceremony.

The number of these micro-times was staggering. The United States alone ran on more than three hundred local sun times by the 1870s. France set clocks by Paris; every Swiss valley kept its own minutes; major railway stations displayed multiple clock faces for multiple companies' reckonings. The system was chaotic only in retrospect — at walking and sailing speed, it was simply how time worked.

The machine that broke local time

The railroad changed the mathematics of distance and, with it, the meaning of noon. A train could now cross a dozen local noons between breakfast and dinner, and a timetable written in one town's minutes was gibberish three stops later. Worse than confusion was danger: two trains sharing a single track, dispatched by clocks that disagreed, were a collision waiting for its moment. Britain's railways adopted a single Greenwich-based 'railway time' in the 1840s, spread along the tracks by the new telegraph. North America's answer came on November 18, 1883 — remembered as the day of two noons — when the railroads unilaterally divided the continent into four standard zones and cities reset their clocks to match. The US government would not make it law until 1918; by then, thirty-five years of train schedules had made the law a formality.

Greenwich, the meridian conference, and the birth of the grid

A zone system needs a zero line, and in 1884 delegates from twenty-five nations met in Washington to choose one. The Royal Observatory at Greenwich won the vote for the most practical of reasons: roughly two-thirds of the world's shipping already navigated with charts counted from it. From that decision flows the entire modern grid — longitude measured 180 degrees east and west of Greenwich, and the ideal of twenty-four zones, each fifteen degrees wide, each one hour apart. Greenwich Mean Time became the world's reference, later refined into UTC, Coordinated Universal Time, kept today not by telescopes but by a global ensemble of atomic clocks. The reference changed instruments; it never changed its address.

How the system actually works

A time zone, formally, is just a signed offset from UTC. Pakistan lives at UTC+5: when the reference reads 12:00, Karachi reads 17:00. New York winters at UTC−5 and summers at UTC−4. The world's inhabited offsets run from UTC−12 near the old date line's eastern edge to UTC+14 in Kiribati — meaning two settled places can disagree not just about the hour but about the calendar date, a full twenty-six hours apart.

The tidy fifteen-degree ideal survives mostly at sea. On land, zone boundaries are legal creatures that follow borders, rivers, provincial lines, and commercial gravity. That is why the map's stripes wobble: countries choose the time that suits their politics and trade, not their longitude. China spans the geography of five zones and decrees one, so far-western Xinjiang sees the official sun rise near nine in the morning. Spain sits on Greenwich's own meridian yet keeps Central European Time, a wartime alignment from the 1940s that quietly reshaped the national schedule; famously late Spanish dinners are, in part, the clock's doing. India chose the halfway compromise of UTC+5:30 so one vast country could share a single working day.

Beneath every device, the practical authority is the IANA time zone database — the tz database — a volunteer-maintained ledger of every zone's rules and history, identified by names like Asia/Karachi and America/New_York. When a parliament anywhere votes to change its clocks, the database updates, ships to phone and server makers, and billions of devices silently obey. It is one of the internet's least visible and most essential pieces of infrastructure.

Daylight saving: the seasonal wrinkle

Roughly seventy countries add a second layer of complexity by shifting clocks seasonally. The logic is latitude: away from the equator, summer daylight overflows the morning hours while people sleep, so moving the clock forward transplants an hour of light into the evening. The costs are real too — documented short-term upticks in accidents and heart strain after the spring change, and a scheduling minefield for anyone working across borders. The chaos concentrates in the mismatched weeks: America springs forward in early March, Europe waits until the month's end, so for a stretch each year the London–New York gap shrinks from five hours to four and standing meetings quietly slide for one side. Large parts of the world — most of Asia and Africa, plus holdouts like Arizona and Hawaii — skip the ritual entirely, and both Mexico and Brazil abolished it within recent memory. The trend line points toward fewer clock changes, not more.

The strange corners of the map

The system's edges are where it becomes wonderful. Nepal keeps UTC+5:45, fifteen minutes from India's clock — a quarter-hour of sovereignty. New Zealand's Chatham Islands run +12:45; a strip of Australian highway around Eucla keeps an unofficial +8:45 observed by a few hundred people and every roadhouse clock. Newfoundland's half hour gave Canadian broadcasting its eternal tagline about the news arriving thirty minutes later there. And stitched down the Pacific runs the International Date Line, bulging around nations so each can keep one calendar: cross it westward and tomorrow arrives instantly; eastward, and you live a day twice. Kiribati bent the line around itself in 1995, inventing UTC+14 so its whole territory could share a date — which is why each new day on Earth now begins, of all places, on a scattering of coral atolls.

Reading time like a professional

A few habits dissolve nearly every time-zone problem. First, anchor on UTC: aviation, science, and global operations quote it precisely because it never shifts for summer. Second, name cities, not abbreviations — 'EST' in July describes a zone not currently in effect, while '3 PM in Chicago' cannot be misread. Third, respect the seams: when scheduling across the Atlantic in March or late October, check both regions' change dates before trusting a recurring calendar entry. Fourth, remember the date can differ even when the hour looks reasonable — a Monday-morning call from Karachi is a Sunday-evening call in Los Angeles. The converter and world clocks on this site apply every current rule automatically, which is the modern version of the railway's old solution: let one reliable system carry the arithmetic.

Where the grid goes next

Time zones and money: why business cares so much

The grid is also an economic map. Financial markets hand trading around the planet in a relay timed entirely by zones — Wellington and Sydney open the week, Tokyo and Singapore carry the Asian session, London anchors the deepest liquidity, and New York closes the day, with the London–New York overlap forming the loudest two hours in world finance. Remote work has made the same arithmetic personal: teams now advertise roles by overlap windows, and a company spread from Lahore to Lisbon to Los Angeles lives or dies by whether its nine-hour spread leaves any shared morning at all. Customer-support rotas, server maintenance windows, sports broadcast rights, even the release hour of streaming shows are all, underneath, time-zone decisions.

Common myths, corrected

A few stubborn misconceptions deserve retirement. Time zones are not spaced evenly — political choices produce offsets of thirty and forty-five minutes, and the real count of distinct offsets in use is around thirty-eight, not twenty-four. GMT and UTC are not technically identical — one is a historical civil time, the other an atomic standard — though for everyday purposes they agree. Daylight saving does not give farmers more light; farmers largely opposed it, since cows and crops follow the sun, not the clock. And crossing a zone boundary does not change the sun by one hour on the spot — solar time drifts continuously, about one minute for every twenty-eight kilometres east or west, while the legal clock jumps only at the border. The zone system is a rounding of reality, brilliantly convenient and slightly untrue everywhere at once — which is, in the end, the most honest description of every clock ever made.

The map still moves. Legislatures debate abolishing seasonal changes; island nations occasionally leap the date line to align their week with trading partners, as Samoa did in 2011 by deleting a December day from its calendar; and every few years some region nudges its offset for commerce or identity. The atomic reference beneath it all is due its own quiet reform, with leap seconds scheduled for retirement by 2035. What will not change is the founding bargain struck between the sun and the schedule: local noon surrendered its authority so that a connected world could agree on when things happen. Every accurate clock on this page — and the one on your wrist — is that 140-year-old agreement, still being kept, second by second.

Time zones

Why the world has 38 time zones, not 24

The Earth spins once every 24 hours, so 24 zones sounds logical. Politics and geography had other plans.

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If time zones followed the sun alone, each would be a neat 15-degree slice of the planet, one for every hour. In practice, countries draw the lines themselves — and the result is 38 different offsets in use today.

India runs on a half-hour offset (UTC+5:30) so one clock can serve the whole country. Nepal goes further with UTC+5:45, set to the meridian of a mountain near Kathmandu. China stretches five natural zones into a single one, which means the sun can rise after 9 a.m. in its far west. And on the other side of the date line, parts of Kiribati live at UTC+14 — the first place on Earth to greet each new day.

The lesson: a time zone is less a fact of astronomy than a decision made by people. That's why the converter on this page uses the official zone database rather than simple math — the math alone would often be wrong.

Body clocks

Jet lag, explained in three minutes

Your body runs its own clock, and it doesn't reset just because your plane landed. Here's what actually helps.

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Deep in your brain sits a cluster of neurons that acts as a master clock, keeping your sleep, hunger, and alertness on a roughly 24-hour cycle. Fly across several time zones and that internal clock keeps ticking on home time while the world around you insists otherwise. The mismatch is jet lag.

The body adjusts on its own, but slowly — commonly around a day per time zone crossed, and eastward trips tend to feel harder than westward ones because shortening your day is tougher than stretching it.

The strongest reset signal is light. Getting daylight at the right local hours nudges the clock in the right direction, while long naps at the wrong ones hold it back. Frequent flyers often start shifting sleep an hour a day before departure, switch their watch to destination time at takeoff, and let morning light do the rest. Simple, free, and it works with your biology instead of against it.

History

A short history of daylight saving time

Twice a year, a billion people change their clocks. The reason has more to do with coal than with farmers.

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The popular story credits farmers, but farmers largely opposed clock changes — cows don't read clocks. The real push came during the First World War, when Germany shifted its clocks in 1916 to stretch evening daylight and burn less coal for lighting. Britain and others followed within weeks.

A century later, the energy argument has faded — modern studies find the savings are tiny or nonexistent — yet the ritual survives, running on different dates in different countries. That's why the gap between, say, London and New York isn't constant: for a few weeks each spring and autumn, their clock changes fall out of sync and the difference temporarily shifts by an hour.

It's also why every clock on Ellatime follows the official zone database instead of a fixed offset. When a country changes its rules — and several still do, some with only weeks of notice — the database updates, and the time you see here stays right.

Calendars

Why the world keeps nine different calendars

Today has a different date in Makkah, Jerusalem, Tehran, and Beijing — and all of them are correct.

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A calendar is a way of counting the sky. The Gregorian calendar follows the sun alone, so its months drift freely from the moon. The Islamic calendar follows the moon alone: twelve lunar months add up to about 354 days, which is why its dates arrive roughly eleven days earlier each Gregorian year.

The Hebrew and Chinese calendars split the difference. They count lunar months but insert a whole extra "leap month" seven times every nineteen years, so their festivals wobble within a season but never leave it. The Persian calendar takes yet another path: purely solar, but anchored to the exact moment of the spring equinox, which makes it one of the most astronomically precise calendars in daily use.

None of these systems is wrong — they simply chose different things to be faithful to. That's why the calendars panel on Ellatime shows today in nine systems at once: the same sunrise, counted nine honest ways.

Prayer times

How prayer times are read from the sun

No schedule is stored anywhere. Every time on the prayer panel is calculated from where the sun actually is.

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Islamic prayer times are defined by the sun's position, not the clock. Fajr begins at true dawn, when the sun climbs to about 18 degrees below the horizon and the first light appears. Dhuhr is the moment the sun crosses its highest point. Maghrib is sunset, and Isha begins when the last twilight fades — the sun 18 degrees down again.

Asr is the interesting one: it's defined by shadows. In the Standard (Shafi'i) convention, Asr begins when an object's shadow equals its own height; in the Hanafi convention, twice its height — which is why the panel shows both times side by side.

Because these are astronomical definitions, they can be computed for any point on Earth from latitude, longitude, and the date — which is exactly what this site does, on your device, with nothing sent to any server. Local mosque timetables may differ by a few minutes because different authorities round differently or use slightly different twilight angles, so always follow your local masjid for congregation.

Holidays

Why religious holidays move every year

Christmas stays put, Ramadan travels the whole calendar, and Easter jumps within a five-week window. Here's the logic.

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Holidays fixed to the solar calendar — Christmas, Nowruz, Vaisakhi — land on nearly the same date every year. Holidays fixed to a purely lunar calendar, like Ramadan and both Eids, arrive about eleven days earlier each year, completing a full lap of the seasons every 33 years or so. A Ramadan in winter and a Ramadan in high summer are both normal; it just depends where in the cycle you were born.

Lunisolar holidays — Passover, Hanukkah, Diwali, Chinese New Year — move within a window of about a month but stay loyal to their season, thanks to leap months. And Easter follows its own famous rule: the first Sunday after the first full moon on or after the spring equinox, calculated differently by Western and Orthodox churches, which is why the two Easters agree in some years and sit weeks apart in others.

The upcoming-holidays list on this page computes the movable dates from their actual calendars rather than copying someone's table — so when Ramadan begins or Hanukkah's first candle is lit, the countdown here is already right.

Exact time

What time is it, exactly? How the world agrees on "now"

Your phone, your laptop, and your wall clock rarely agree to the second. Here's where the real time comes from — and why a clock with seconds matters.

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Ask "what time is it" and every device gives a slightly different answer. That's because most clocks drift — a cheap quartz watch by a second or two per week, a wall clock by more. The world's reference time, UTC, is kept by hundreds of atomic clocks that count the vibrations of caesium atoms and won't drift a second in millions of years. Your phone quietly checks in with time servers connected to those clocks, which is why it's usually the most accurate clock you own.

A clock with seconds is more useful than it looks. Seconds matter when you're logging into a system at an exact moment, timing a race, catching a ticket release, or synchronizing with someone in another country. The live clock at the top of this page shows hours, minutes, and seconds for your own time zone, updating every second, in your choice of 12-hour or 24-hour format.

And if what you really need is the time somewhere else, the world clock strip shows major cities live, and you can add any of 300+ locations to build your own board. One page, every "now" on Earth.

South Asia

IST and PKT: time in India and Pakistan explained

India and Pakistan share a border but not a clock — and India's half-hour offset confuses the whole world.

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IST — Indian Standard Time — runs at UTC+5:30, one of the world's famous half-hour time zones. The odd offset is a compromise: India spans nearly two hours of solar time from east to west, and UTC+5:30 splits the difference so one clock can serve the entire country. Neighbouring Pakistan uses PKT, Pakistan Standard Time, at UTC+5 — so when it's 12:00 noon in Karachi or Lahore, it's already 12:30 in Delhi and Mumbai.

Neither country observes daylight saving time, so those offsets never change through the year. That makes conversion easy to memorise: India is always 5½ hours ahead of London in winter (4½ in British summer), and 9½ ahead of New York in winter. One more trap for readers abroad: "IST" also abbreviates Irish Standard Time and Israel Standard Time, so double-check which IST a schedule means.

For the exact time in India or Pakistan right now, both are one tap away in the world clock section above — and the converter tool handles any "my 3 PM is your what?" question between them and anywhere else.

United States

EST, CST, PST: American time zones without the confusion

"EST time now" is one of the most-searched time queries on Earth — and half the year, the honest answer is "you probably mean EDT."

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The continental US runs on four main zones. Eastern Time covers New York, Washington, and Miami; Central Time covers Chicago, Dallas, and Houston; Mountain Time covers Denver and Phoenix; Pacific Time covers Los Angeles, San Francisco, and Seattle. Each is one hour apart, so noon in New York is 11 AM in Chicago and 9 AM in Los Angeles.

Here's the part that trips everyone up: the letters change with the seasons. In winter, Eastern Standard Time (EST) is UTC−5; from March to November, clocks spring forward and it becomes Eastern Daylight Time (EDT) at UTC−4. The same happens to CST/CDT and PST/PDT. So someone asking for "PST time now" in July is technically asking about a zone that isn't in effect — schedules that say "9 PM EST" in summer almost always mean Eastern Time in general.

The safest habit is to think in cities, not abbreviations: "time in New York" is never ambiguous. The world clocks above show New York live, and Chicago and Los Angeles can be added in one tap, with the converter handling any US zone by name.

World cities

Time in London and Tokyo: GMT, BST and JST explained

One city changes its clocks twice a year; the other hasn't touched them since 1951. Between them sits the world's business day.

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London keeps two names for its time. In winter it runs on GMT — Greenwich Mean Time, UTC+0, the historical zero point of the world's clocks. From late March to late October it switches to BST, British Summer Time, at UTC+1. So "time in London" depends on the season, which is why international schedules often quote UTC instead.

Tokyo is the opposite: Japan Standard Time (JST) is UTC+9, all year, every year — Japan abandoned daylight saving in 1951 and never looked back. That fixed offset makes Tokyo wonderfully predictable: 9 hours ahead of London in winter, 8 in British summer, and 13–14 ahead of New York.

Together these two cities bracket the global working day — when Tokyo's markets close, London's are opening. If you work between them, the converter above answers the perennial question of when a "10 AM Tokyo" call lands in your day, and both cities tick live in the world clock strip.

Sunset times

What time is sunset tonight? San Diego, Pittsburgh, Detroit & Key West

Tonight's sunset depends on where you stand and what month it is — and two cities in the same time zone can differ by nearly an hour.

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There's no single answer to "what time is sunset" — the sun sets at a different minute for every latitude, longitude, and date. In San Diego, sunset swings from about 4:47 PM in late December to 8:00 PM at the June solstice. Pittsburgh ranges wider, roughly 4:57 PM to 8:54 PM, because it sits further north. Key West, far to the south, barely swings at all: about 5:44 PM in winter to 8:19 PM in summer.

Detroit is the fun one: summer sunsets there arrive as late as 9:13 PM — later than cities far to its south — because Detroit sits on the far western edge of the Eastern time zone, so its clock runs well ahead of its sun. Position within a zone matters as much as latitude.

For tonight's exact sunset where you are, use the Prayer & sun times panel above: tap your location or pick any of 300+ cities, and it computes today's sunrise and sunset astronomically — the same math behind the numbers in this article.

USA & territories

What time is it in Guam, Maui, Virginia, and Cleveland?

All four fly the American flag — yet Guam and Maui are twenty hours apart. American time is bigger than four zones.

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Guam runs on Chamorro Standard Time, UTC+10, with no daylight saving — it sits west of the International Date Line's reach on the calendar, which earns it the motto "Where America's Day Begins." When it's Monday morning in Guam, it's still Sunday afternoon on the US mainland.

Maui, like all of Hawaii, uses Hawaii Standard Time at UTC−10, also with no clock changes. That puts Guam and Maui a full 20 hours apart — the widest time spread inside one country's territory anywhere on Earth. Meanwhile Virginia and Cleveland both keep Eastern Time (UTC−5 in winter, UTC−4 in summer), matching New York exactly — Cleveland's position near the zone's western side simply gives it slightly later sunrises and sunsets than the coast.

All four are in the world clock above: New York covers Virginia and Cleveland live, and Guam (Pacific/Guam) and Honolulu can be added with one tap for the islands.

Europe

Time in Holland and Copenhagen: one zone, two countries

Amsterdam and Copenhagen tick in perfect sync — and "Holland" isn't quite the country's name.

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First, the name: "Holland" is really just two provinces (North and South Holland) of the Netherlands, though the world uses it for the whole country. Whatever you call it, the Netherlands runs on Central European Time — CET, UTC+1 in winter — switching to Central European Summer Time, CEST at UTC+2, from late March to late October.

Copenhagen keeps exactly the same clock. Denmark, the Netherlands, Germany, France, Italy, Spain and most of the continent share Central European Time, which makes intra-European scheduling easy: 3 PM in Amsterdam is 3 PM in Copenhagen, Paris, Berlin, and Rome. The main gotchas are the neighbours who differ — the UK an hour behind, and Finland, Greece and Eastern Europe an hour ahead.

From elsewhere: both cities are 6 hours ahead of New York and 4 hours behind Pakistan for most of the year. Amsterdam and Copenhagen are both a one-tap add in the world clocks above if you work with either.

Asia

What time is it in Shanghai? China's one-clock country

A country wide enough for five time zones chooses to run on exactly one — and Shanghai sets the beat.

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Shanghai — and every other city in China, from Beijing to Kashgar — runs on China Standard Time, UTC+8, all year round with no daylight saving. Geographically China spans about five natural time zones, but since 1949 the whole country has kept a single clock, so the time in Shanghai is the time everywhere in China.

The convenience comes with a quirk: in China's far west, the sun can rise after 9 AM and set near midnight in summer, because local clocks run hours ahead of the sun. In Shanghai itself, on the coast, clock and sun agree closely — one reason the city's rhythm feels natural to visitors.

Converting is simple because the offset never changes: Shanghai is 12 hours ahead of New York in winter (13 in US summer, since China doesn't shift), 8 ahead of London in winter, and 3 ahead of Pakistan year-round. Shanghai's live clock is in the add-a-city list above, and the converter handles any "9 AM Shanghai is my what?" instantly.

Calendar

May 2027 calendar: layout, holidays, and week numbers

May 2027 opens on a Saturday, closes on a Monday, and packs holidays from four different religions into 31 days.

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May 2027 begins on Saturday, May 1 and ends on Monday, May 31, spanning ISO weeks 17 through 22. It's a five-Sunday month — the 2nd, 9th, 16th, 23rd, and 30th — which places Mother's Day (US) on Sunday, May 9, and Memorial Day on its final day, Monday, May 31.

It's also an unusually rich month for observances. May 1 is International Workers' Day across much of the world. Orthodox Easter falls on Sunday, May 2 — five weeks after the Western Easter that year. Ascension Day lands Thursday, May 6, and Pentecost on Sunday, May 16 — the same weekend Muslims celebrate Eid al-Adha (May 16, subject to moon sighting). Buddhists mark Vesak on May 20.

Every one of those movable dates was computed from its own calendar system — the same engines that power the Upcoming Holidays list above, where you can watch the countdown to each of them live.

World guide · Europe

Time in every European country

Forty-plus countries, just four clocks — and they all change on the same two nights of the year.

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Europe is remarkably tidy. The UK, Ireland and Portugal keep Western European Time (UTC+0 winter, +1 summer). The great central block — Spain, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Poland, Austria, Switzerland, Czechia, Hungary, Croatia and their neighbours — all share Central European Time (UTC+1/+2). Finland, Greece, Romania, Bulgaria, the Baltics, Ukraine and Moldova run Eastern European Time (UTC+2/+3).

The entire EU springs forward together on the last Sunday of March and falls back on the last Sunday of October, at the same UTC instant — so the gaps between European capitals never change, even during the switch. The exceptions sit to the east: Türkiye stays on UTC+3 permanently, Belarus keeps UTC+3 with no changes, and Russia's Moscow zone is a fixed UTC+3 (with the country stretching on to UTC+12 at the Bering Strait). Iceland, out in the Atlantic, keeps UTC+0 all year.

Practical rule: London is one hour behind Paris and Berlin, two behind Athens and Helsinki, three behind Moscow and Istanbul in winter. Every capital named here ticks live in the add-a-city list above.

World guide · Middle East

Time in every Middle Eastern country

From Cairo to Tehran the clocks step by half-hours and whole hours — and one country recently stopped changing its clocks after decades.

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The region's spine is UTC+3: Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Kuwait, Bahrain, Qatar, Yemen, Jordan and Syria all keep it year-round (Jordan and Syria both moved to permanent +3 in 2022). The UAE and Oman run UTC+4. Iran stands alone at UTC+3:30 — a half-hour zone — and abolished its daylight saving in 2022, so Tehran's offset no longer swings.

West of the peninsula, Egypt keeps UTC+2 and brought daylight saving back in 2023, shifting to +3 each summer. Israel runs UTC+2 in winter and +3 in summer, and Lebanon does the same. Afghanistan, at the region's eastern edge, uses another half-zone: UTC+4:30.

For Gulf business, the memory hook is simple: Makkah, Riyadh and Doha share one clock; Dubai is one hour ahead of them; Tehran sits awkwardly in between. All of them — plus prayer times for each — are available in the panels above.

World guide · South Asia

Time in every South Asian country

Nowhere else on Earth packs so many strange offsets into one region: +5, +5:30, +5:45 and +6 within a few hundred kilometres.

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Pakistan anchors the region at UTC+5. Cross into India and you jump to +5:30; the same +5:30 serves Sri Lanka. Nepal goes further with the world's rarest offset, UTC+5:45 — a quarter-hour zone shared only with New Zealand's Chatham Islands. Bangladesh and Bhutan round things off at UTC+6, and the Maldives sit at UTC+5 alongside Pakistan.

One habit unites them all: no daylight saving. Every South Asian offset holds still through the year, which makes the region blissfully predictable for scheduling — the 30-minute India–Pakistan gap and the 15-minute India–Nepal gap never move.

So a single noon spreads like this: 12:00 in Karachi and Malé, 12:30 in Delhi and Colombo, 12:45 in Kathmandu, 13:00 in Dhaka and Thimphu. The world clocks above can show all of them side by side — a neat little staircase of half-steps.

World guide · East & SE Asia

Time in every East and Southeast Asian country

The world's most populous region runs on just four offsets — and not one country here changes its clocks.

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Myanmar opens the region on a half-zone, UTC+6:30. Then comes the big +7 belt: Thailand, Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia, plus western Indonesia including Jakarta. At UTC+8 sits the giant block — all of China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, the Philippines, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, and central Indonesia including Bali. Japan and both Koreas keep UTC+9, along with eastern Indonesia.

Indonesia is the one to watch: it's the region's only country spanning multiple zones (+7, +8, +9), so "time in Indonesia" depends on the island. Everything else is single-zone, and daylight saving is extinct across the entire region — no clock in East or Southeast Asia has moved seasonally in decades.

That stability makes mental math easy: Singapore and Beijing always match; Tokyo is always one hour ahead of them; Bangkok always one behind. Pin any of them in the world clocks above and the gap you memorise today will still be right next year.

World guide · Africa

Time in every African country

Fifty-four countries, four main clocks, almost no daylight saving — and one country whose clock moves for Ramadan.

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Africa reads cleanly west to east. The Atlantic edge — Senegal, Ghana, Côte d'Ivoire, Mali, and their neighbours — keeps UTC+0. The +1 column runs from Morocco and Algeria down through Nigeria, Niger, Chad, Cameroon and the Congos to Angola. The +2 belt covers Egypt, Libya, Sudan, South Africa, Zimbabwe, Zambia, Mozambique, Botswana and Rwanda. East Africa — Kenya, Tanzania, Uganda, Ethiopia, Somalia, Djibouti and Madagascar — completes the map at UTC+3.

Daylight saving barely exists on the continent: Egypt (summer +3) is the main practitioner. Morocco does something unique — it stays on UTC+1 year-round but shifts back to UTC+0 during Ramadan so that iftar arrives at a kinder clock hour, the only country on Earth whose time zone follows the Islamic calendar.

Bonus fact for the east: Ethiopia keeps UTC+3 like Kenya, but daily life traditionally counts hours from dawn, so "one o'clock" in Ethiopian custom means 7 AM on the standard clock. From Casablanca to Nairobi, every capital here is one tap away in the world clocks above.

World guide · North America

Time in every North and Central American country

The continent that invented modern time zones now can't agree on whether to keep changing its clocks.

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Canada and the US share the familiar ladder — Newfoundland's quirky UTC−3:30, then Atlantic −4, Eastern −5, Central −6, Mountain −7, Pacific −8, Alaska −9, and Hawaii −10 — with most areas shifting one hour forward from March to November. The famous holdouts: Arizona and Saskatchewan skip daylight saving entirely.

Mexico ended daylight saving in 2022, so Mexico City now stays on UTC−6 all year, with only the US-border cities still switching to match their northern neighbours. Central America never bothered with clock changes at all: Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua and Costa Rica hold UTC−6, Panama UTC−5. In the Caribbean, Cuba keeps DST (−5/−4), while Jamaica stays −5 and the Dominican Republic −4 year-round.

The practical trap is seasonal: in winter, Mexico City matches Chicago; in summer it matches no major US city exactly, sitting an hour behind Chicago. The converter above resolves any of it by city name, current rules included.

World guide · South America

Time in every South American country

A continent that mostly gave up daylight saving — with two southern exceptions still switching every spring.

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The east coast runs on UTC−3: Argentina, Uruguay, and Brazil's main population belt including São Paulo and Rio (Brazil spans −2 to −5 across its islands and Amazon west, but abolished daylight saving in 2019, so its clocks now hold still). The −4 column covers Bolivia, Venezuela, and most of Paraguay's neighbours' longitude — with Guyana also at −4, and Suriname and French Guiana at −3.

The Andean west keeps UTC−5: Colombia, Ecuador and Peru, none of which change their clocks. The remaining switchers are in the far south: Chile shifts between −4 and −3 (with its own dates, around April and September), and Paraguay historically switched too before moving to permanent summer time. Easter Island, out in the Pacific, follows Chile two hours behind the mainland.

Rule of thumb: Buenos Aires and São Paulo share a clock; Bogotá, Quito and Lima share another, two hours behind them; Caracas and La Paz sit in between. All live in the city list above.

World guide · Oceania

Time in Australia, New Zealand and the Pacific islands

This is where the day begins — including the only places on Earth living at UTC+13 and +14.

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Australia splits into three: Western Australia (Perth) at UTC+8, the Northern Territory and South Australia on half-zones at +9:30, and the eastern states (Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane) at +10. Daylight saving then divides the country each summer — New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania spring forward while Queensland, WA and the NT refuse — so Sydney and Brisbane match in winter but differ by an hour in summer.

New Zealand runs UTC+12 with daylight saving to +13, and its Chatham Islands keep the world's strangest offset, +12:45. Deeper into the Pacific, Fiji and Tuvalu hold +12, Tonga and Samoa +13 — Samoa famously skipped an entire day in 2011, jumping across the date line to trade more easily with Australasia — and Kiribati's Line Islands claim UTC+14, the earliest clock on the planet.

So each new date is born near Kiritimati at UTC+14 and takes 26 hours to reach its last observer in the −11/−12 zones around American Samoa. Add Auckland, Sydney or Guam in the clocks above and watch tomorrow arrive before your today ends.

Dates

Leap years explained: why February gets a 29th day

The year isn't 365 days long — it's 365 and almost a quarter. Everything about leap years follows from cleaning up that mess.

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Earth takes about 365.2422 days to orbit the sun. Ignore the fraction and the calendar drifts a full day every four years — after a few centuries, summer months would fall in winter. The fix: add February 29 every fourth year. But a quarter-day is a slight overcorrection, so the Gregorian calendar trims it with two extra rules — century years are not leap years, unless they divide by 400. That's why 1900 had no February 29 but 2000 did.

The full test, in order: divisible by 4? Probably a leap year. Divisible by 100? Then no — unless it's also divisible by 400, in which case yes. Applied to now: 2026 and 2027 are ordinary 365-day years, and the next leap year is 2028.

The system is so accurate it drifts only about one day in 3,000 years. You can see the current year's length reflected live in the "day of the year" widget above — it counts to 365 or 366 depending on where we are in the cycle.

Dates

04/07 or 07/04? Date formats and the case for ISO 8601

The same six digits mean April 7th in London and July 4th in New York. There's one format that can never be misread.

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Most of the world writes day/month/year: 04/07/2026 means the 4th of July. The United States writes month/day/year, so the same string means April 7th. East Asia largely writes year/month/day. Put an American, a Brit, and a Japanese colleague on one email thread and a date like 03/02 has three possible meanings — a real source of missed meetings, expired documents, and shipping errors.

The international standard, ISO 8601, settles it: YYYY-MM-DD, always — today would be written 2026-07-18. Largest unit to smallest, no ambiguity in any country, and as a bonus, ISO dates sort correctly as plain text, which is why programmers and file-naming guides swear by them.

A practical rule for anything crossing a border: write the month as a word (18 July 2026) or use ISO. The date widget above shows today in both your local convention and ISO format, side by side.

Dates

Week numbers: what "week 37" means and why some years have 53

Half of European business runs on week numbers — and the rules behind them are stranger than they look.

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In much of Europe, factories schedule production, retailers plan deliveries, and colleagues book holidays by week number — "let's ship in week 42." The numbering follows the ISO 8601 standard: weeks start on Monday, and week 1 is the week containing the year's first Thursday. That definition means January 1st can belong to week 52 or 53 of the previous year, and late December can already be week 1 of the next.

It also means years aren't all the same length in weeks: most have 52, but roughly every five to six years the arithmetic produces a week 53 — it happens whenever the year starts on a Thursday, or on a Wednesday in a leap year. 2026 is one of those long years, ending in week 53.

The live "week number" widget above always shows the current ISO week, so if a supplier says "delivery in week 12," you can see exactly how far away that is.

Dates

The eleven days that vanished: Julian vs Gregorian calendars

In September 1752, Britons went to bed on the 2nd and woke on the 14th. The dates in between never existed.

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Julius Caesar's calendar of 45 BC ran a leap year every four years, no exceptions — slightly too generous. By the 1500s the accumulated error had pushed the calendar about ten days out of step with the seasons, dragging Easter away from its springtime anchor. Pope Gregory XIII's reform of 1582 cut the drift out surgically: in Catholic countries, Thursday, October 4 was followed directly by Friday, October 15.

Adoption took centuries. Protestant Britain and its colonies held out until 1752, by which point the correction had grown to eleven days — September 2 jumped to September 14, and legend says some protested "give us our eleven days." Russia didn't switch until 1918, Greece not until 1923.

The old calendar never fully died: Orthodox churches still calculate their feasts by Julian reckoning, which is exactly why Orthodox Christmas lands on January 7 and Orthodox Easter usually differs from the Western date — both visible in the holiday list above, computed from each calendar's own rules.

Dates

How many days between two dates? Ages, anniversaries and countdowns

Your 10,000th day alive passed without a party. Day-counting turns dates into numbers you can actually feel.

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Counting days between dates sounds trivial and hides two traps. First, the fence-post problem: from Monday to Friday is four days elapsed, but five days touched — so decide whether your count includes the end date. Second, leap years: any span crossing a February 29 gains a day that mental math usually forgets. A 365-day-per-year estimate drifts one day for every leap year crossed.

Done right, day-counting is quietly delightful. A 30-year-old has lived close to 11,000 days. A couple's 10,000th day together lands about 27 years and 4½ months in. Project managers count business days to deadlines; visa rules count "days present"; and every countdown to a wedding, exam, or Eid is just a date difference wearing party clothes.

The "days between dates" tool above handles the leap years and fence-posts for you — enter any two dates, past or future, and it returns the exact gap in days and weeks. Try your own birth date; the number is always bigger than it feels.

اردو · پاکستان

نماز کے اوقات کیسے طے ہوتے ہیں؟

فجر، ظہر، عصر، مغرب اور عشاء — ہر وقت سورج کی پوزیشن سے طے ہوتا ہے، گھڑی سے نہیں۔

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مکمل مضمون پڑھیں

نماز کے اوقات فلکیات سے جُڑے ہوئے ہیں۔ فجر اُس وقت شروع ہوتی ہے جب سورج افق سے تقریباً اٹھارہ درجے نیچے ہو اور صبحِ صادق کی روشنی نمودار ہو۔ ظہر سورج کے عین نصف النہار پر پہنچنے کے بعد، مغرب غروبِ آفتاب پر، اور عشاء شفق کے مکمل غائب ہونے پر شروع ہوتی ہے۔

عصر کا وقت سائے سے ماپا جاتا ہے: جب کسی چیز کا سایہ اس کے قد کے برابر ہو جائے تو شافعی طریقے کے مطابق عصر ہو جاتی ہے، اور حنفی طریقے کے مطابق جب سایہ قد سے دُگنا ہو جائے۔ اسی لیے پاکستان میں عام طور پر عصر کا وقت کچھ دیر سے ہوتا ہے۔

اوپر دیے گئے پینل میں آپ کے شہر کے آج کے تمام اوقات خود بخود موجود ہیں — کراچی، لاہور، اسلام آباد یا دنیا کا کوئی بھی شہر منتخب کریں۔ جماعت کے لیے اپنی مقامی مسجد کے نقشے پر ہی اعتماد کریں، کیونکہ چند منٹ کا فرق معمول کی بات ہے۔

हिन्दी · भारत

भारतीय समय आधे घंटे अलग क्यों चलता है?

दुनिया के ज़्यादातर देश पूरे घंटे के हिसाब से चलते हैं, पर भारत UTC+5:30 पर — इसकी वजह भूगोल है।

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भारतीय मानक समय (IST) UTC से साढ़े पाँच घंटे आगे है। यह अजीब लगने वाला आधा घंटा दरअसल एक समझौता है: भारत पूर्व से पश्चिम तक लगभग दो घंटे के सौर समय में फैला है, और +5:30 ठीक बीच का रास्ता है, ताकि पूरा देश एक ही घड़ी पर चल सके। यह व्यवस्था 1906 से चली आ रही है।

भारत में डेलाइट सेविंग नहीं होती, इसलिए यह अंतर साल भर स्थिर रहता है — पाकिस्तान से ठीक 30 मिनट आगे, नेपाल से 15 मिनट पीछे, और बांग्लादेश से 30 मिनट पीछे। लंदन से भारत सर्दियों में साढ़े पाँच घंटे और गर्मियों में साढ़े चार घंटे आगे रहता है।

ऊपर दिए गए वर्ल्ड क्लॉक में दिल्ली या मुंबई जोड़कर आप भारत का सटीक समय हमेशा देख सकते हैं, और त्योहारों की सूची में दिवाली व होली की उलटी गिनती भी चलती रहती है।

العربية

التقويم الهجري: لماذا يتنقل رمضان عبر الفصول؟

السنة الهجرية أقصر من الشمسية بأحد عشر يومًا تقريبًا — وهذا سرّ دوران رمضان حول العام كله.

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يقوم التقويم الهجري على دورة القمر: اثنا عشر شهرًا قمريًا مجموعها نحو 354 يومًا، أي أقل من السنة الشمسية بأحد عشر يومًا تقريبًا. لذلك يأتي رمضان كل عام أبكر من سابقه بأيام، حتى يكمل دورة كاملة عبر الفصول في نحو ثلاثة وثلاثين عامًا — فمن صام رمضان في الشتاء سيدركه يومًا في قلب الصيف.

وتعتمد بداية الشهر شرعًا على رؤية الهلال، ولهذا قد يختلف يوم بدء رمضان أو العيد بين بلد وآخر بيوم واحد. أما التواريخ المعروضة في هذا الموقع فتتبع تقويم أم القرى الحسابي المعتمد في السعودية، مع التنبيه دائمًا إلى أن الرؤية المحلية هي الفيصل.

في لوحة التقويمات أعلاه ترى تاريخ اليوم الهجري مباشرة، وفي قائمة المناسبات عدًّا تنازليًا لرمضان والعيدين محسوبًا من التقويم نفسه لا منقولًا عن جداول قديمة.

Español · América Latina

Husos horarios de América Latina: quién cambió y quién no

México y Brasil abolieron el horario de verano; Chile sigue cambiando. Guía rápida para no perderse una llamada.

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América Latina simplificó sus relojes en los últimos años. Brasil abolió el horario de verano en 2019, así que São Paulo y Río se mantienen todo el año en UTC−3, junto a Buenos Aires y Montevideo. México lo eliminó en 2022: Ciudad de México queda fija en UTC−6, y solo algunas ciudades fronterizas siguen el ritmo de Estados Unidos.

La costa andina — Bogotá, Quito y Lima — comparte UTC−5 sin cambios estacionales, dos horas detrás del bloque atlántico. Caracas usa UTC−4 y La Paz también. La gran excepción es Chile, que aún adelanta su reloj cada primavera austral, moviéndose entre UTC−4 y UTC−3 en fechas propias.

Regla práctica: una llamada al mediodía de Buenos Aires suena a las 10 de la mañana en Bogotá y a las 9 en Ciudad de México (11 en verano chileno para Santiago). Todos estos relojes están arriba, en vivo, y el conversor resuelve cualquier duda al instante.

Bahasa Indonesia

WIB, WITA, WIT: tiga zona waktu Indonesia

Satu negara, tiga jam yang berbeda — dan tak satu pun berubah sepanjang tahun.

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Indonesia membentang begitu luas hingga membutuhkan tiga zona waktu. Waktu Indonesia Barat (WIB, UTC+7) berlaku untuk Jawa dan Sumatra, termasuk Jakarta. Waktu Indonesia Tengah (WITA, UTC+8) mencakup Bali, Kalimantan bagian timur, dan Sulawesi. Waktu Indonesia Timur (WIT, UTC+9) berlaku di Maluku dan Papua.

Kabar baiknya: Indonesia tidak pernah memakai daylight saving, jadi selisihnya tetap sepanjang tahun. Pukul 12.00 di Jakarta berarti 13.00 di Bali dan 14.00 di Jayapura — mudah dihafal dan tidak pernah berubah.

Untuk waktu salat, panel di atas menghitung jadwal harian secara astronomis untuk kota mana pun — Jakarta, Surabaya, Makassar, hingga Jayapura — langsung di perangkat Anda. Untuk berjamaah, tetap ikuti jadwal masjid setempat karena selisih beberapa menit adalah hal wajar.

Français

La France, championne du monde des fuseaux horaires

Ni la Russie ni les États-Unis : c'est la France qui couvre le plus de fuseaux horaires au monde — douze.

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Grâce à ses territoires d'outre-mer, la France s'étend sur douze fuseaux horaires — plus que la Russie (onze) ou les États-Unis. De la Polynésie française (UTC−10) à Wallis-et-Futuna (UTC+12), en passant par la Guadeloupe, la Guyane, La Réunion et la Nouvelle-Calédonie, le soleil ne se couche littéralement jamais sur la République.

La métropole, elle, vit à l'heure d'Europe centrale : UTC+1 en hiver, UTC+2 à l'heure d'été, du dernier dimanche de mars au dernier dimanche d'octobre — le même rythme que Berlin, Madrid et Rome, et une heure devant Londres toute l'année.

Curiosité : quand il est midi à Paris en janvier, il est 1 h du matin à Tahiti et déjà 23 h à Nouméa — le même pays, à vingt-deux heures d'écart. Ajoutez Paris, Tahiti ou La Réunion aux horloges ci-dessus pour le voir en direct.

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